This work presents the process of the Brazilian scientific-technological community building, having as backstage the political context and the technology based industries generation efforts.The research methodology was, in the greatest possible extent, centered in the examination of official and undisputed available literature and Ministry SPROUTED CHICK PEAS of Science and Technology reports besides public domain world R&D budgeting data.The article, also, evaluates Bow incentives to the country technological R&D, establishing a comparative picture of the R&D investments carried out by selected countries, considered technologically advanced or proficient in a specific high technological issue.At the end are discussed some questions related to the Brazilian R&D strategy outline and innovation future policy.Keywords: Science and Technology, Research and Development, Innovation, Policy Formulation.